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OFFENSIVE SECURITY - PENETRATION TESTING - RED TEAMING - ETHICAL HACKING

SN1PER - AUTOMATED RECONNAISSANCE

The ultimate automated scanner for penetration testers and red teamers

Overview
Modes
Usage
Network Analysis
Technical Details
Architecture
Comparison
Case Studies

What is Sn1per?

Sn1per is an automated reconnaissance scanner that collects data about websites, IP addresses, networks, ports, services, vulnerabilities, operating systems, and more. It combines various security tools into a single, powerful framework.

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Key Features

🔍

Comprehensive Scanning

Performs automated reconnaissance on web services, applications, and network infrastructure

🚀

Multi-threaded

Executes multiple scanning tasks simultaneously for improved efficiency

📊

Reporting

Generates detailed HTML reports with findings and vulnerability assessments

🛠️

Tool Integration

Incorporates over 100 security tools into a unified scanning platform

Sn1per Scanning Modes

Sn1per offers multiple scanning modes to adapt to various penetration testing scenarios:

Normal Mode

Standard scan using default settings

sudo sniper -t target

Stealth Mode

Non-intrusive scan to avoid detection

sudo sniper -t target -m stealth

Web Mode

Focuses on web application vulnerabilities

sudo sniper -t target -m web

OSINT Mode

Open source intelligence gathering

sudo sniper -t target -m osint

Recon Mode

Basic reconnaissance only

sudo sniper -t target -m recon

Full Port Mode

Scans all 65535 ports

sudo sniper -t target -p

Tools Integrated with Sn1per

  • Nmap - Network mapping
  • Nikto - Web server scanning
  • WPScan - WordPress vulnerability scanning
  • Metasploit - Exploitation framework
  • Whatweb - Web technology identification
  • Dirsearch - Directory brute forcing
  • SQLmap - SQL injection testing
  • SSLyse - SSL/TLS testing
  • DNSrecon - DNS enumeration
  • Masscan - Mass IP port scanner
  • Sublist3r - Subdomain enumeration
  • Photon - Web crawler and information gatherer

Using Sn1per

Here's how to get started with Sn1per for penetration testing:

Terminal
root@kali:~# git clone https://github.com/1N3/Sn1per
Cloning into 'Sn1per'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 1249, done.
remote: Total 1249 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 1249
Receiving objects: 100% (1249/1249), 13.21 MiB | 5.24 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (766/766), done.
root@kali:~# cd Sn1per/
root@kali:~/Sn1per# bash install.sh
[>] Installing Sn1per dependencies...
[>] Done!
root@kali:~/Sn1per# sniper -t example.com -m web
███████╗███╗ ██╗ ██╗██████╗ ███████╗██████╗ ██╔════╝████╗ ██║███║██╔══██╗██╔════╝██╔══██╗ ███████╗██╔██╗ ██║╚██║██████╔╝█████╗ ██████╔╝ ╚════██║██║╚██╗██║ ██║██╔═══╝ ██╔══╝ ██╔══██╗ ███████║██║ ╚████║ ██║██║ ███████╗██║ ██║ ╚══════╝╚═╝ ╚═══╝ ╚═╝╚═╝ ╚══════╝╚═╝ ╚═╝
[>] Starting web mode scan against example.com...
root@kali:~/Sn1per#

Discovered Vulnerabilities

High CVE-2021-34527 (PrintNightmare)

Windows Print Spooler Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Medium Outdated WordPress Version (5.7.0)

Multiple known vulnerabilities in outdated WordPress installation

Medium SSL/TLS Weak Cipher Suites

Server supports deprecated TLS 1.0 protocol

Low Directory Listing Enabled

Web server directory listing exposes sensitive file structure

Network Traffic Analysis with Wireshark

Sn1per's scans generate distinctive network patterns that can be analysed with Wireshark

Sn1per Port Scan Detection

Typical port scan traffic pattern from Sn1per reconnaissance

Web Application Scanning Traffic

HTTP/HTTPS traffic patterns during web vulnerability assessment

Identifying Sn1per Scans in Wireshark

http.request and http.user_agent contains "Sn1per"

Filter to detect Sn1per web application scanning activity

tcp.flags.syn==1 and tcp.flags.ack==0 and tcp.window_size==1024

Filter to detect typical Sn1per SYN scan patterns

Stealth Mode vs. Normal Mode

Compare the network traffic signatures between Sn1per's different scanning modes:

Normal Mode

  • Higher traffic volume
  • Easily detectable scan patterns
  • Rapid connection attempts
  • Multiple tool signatures

Stealth Mode

  • Lower traffic volume
  • Randomized scan timing
  • Distributed connection sources
  • Minimal tool signatures

Technical Deep Dive

Sn1per is a sophisticated reconnaissance toolkit built in Bash that orchestrates multiple open-source security tools to provide a comprehensive security assessment.

Core Architecture

At its core, Sn1per functions as a modular orchestration engine that sequentially invokes specialized security tools based on the scanning mode and discovered attack surface. The workflow generally follows this pattern:

1. Target Identification
   ├── DNS Resolution
   ├── WHOIS Lookup
   └── IP Range Determination

2. Network Enumeration
   ├── Port Scanning (via Nmap, Masscan)
   ├── Service Detection
   └── Operating System Identification

3. Service Enumeration
   ├── Web Server Fingerprinting
   ├── CMS Detection
   └── API Discovery

4. Vulnerability Assessment
   ├── Known CVE Checking
   ├── Misconfigurations
   └── Default Credentials

5. Reporting
   └── HTML Report Generation

Key Technical Components

Port Scanning Technology

Sn1per leverages Nmap's SYN/ACK scanning methodology with custom timing templates optimized for various scanning scenarios. In stealth mode, it implements delayed TCP scanning with randomized packet timing to evade intrusion detection systems.

Multi-threading Implementation

Written in Bash, Sn1per uses GNU Parallel and background processing to execute multiple tools concurrently, significantly reducing scan times while managing system resource allocation efficiently.

Web Application Assessment

For HTTP/HTTPS services, Sn1per employs a layered approach: initial fingerprinting with Whatweb, followed by vulnerability scanning with Nikto, and targeted CMS scanning with specialized tools like WPScan for WordPress.

Reporting Engine

All scan data is parsed, normalized, and compiled into a structured HTML report using a combination of awk, sed, and grep for text processing, with severity-based vulnerability classification according to CVSS scoring.

Source Code Analysis

# Main scanning function breakdown recon(){ echo "[*] Performing reconnaissance scan" nmap -sS -T4 -Pn -p- --open $TARGET -oX $WORKSPACE/nmap-$TARGET.xml # Parse results and dispatch specific tools based on open ports if grep -q "80/open\|443/open" "$WORKSPACE/nmap-$TARGET.xml"; then echo "[*] Web server detected, launching web assessments" webtech fi # Extract hostnames for domain enumeration grep "Hostname:" $WORKSPACE/hosts | awk '{print $2}' > $WORKSPACE/hostnames.txt # Process results and generate report generateReport }

Performance Optimisation

Sn1per implements several technical optimisations to balance thoroughness with speed:

  • Adaptive Timing: Dynamically adjusts scan timing based on network latency and target responsiveness
  • Resource Management: Implements process monitoring to prevent system resource exhaustion
  • Caching Mechanism: Stores previous scan results to avoid redundant operations across multiple scans
  • Intelligent Tool Selection: Only runs relevant tools based on discovered services, avoiding unnecessary scans

Security Considerations

# Sn1per implements several security measures internally: # 1. Connection limits to prevent DoS conditions MAX_CONNECTIONS=50 # 2. Timeout mechanisms TIMEOUT=300 # 3. Target validation to prevent accidental scanning of unauthorized targets validateTarget(){ if [[ $TARGET =~ ^(127\.|10\.|172\.16\.|192\.168\.) ]]; then if [[ "$CONFIRM_PRIVATE" != "y" ]]; then echo "[!] Private IP detected. Are you sure you want to scan this target? (y/n)" read CONFIRM_PRIVATE if [[ "$CONFIRM_PRIVATE" != "y" ]]; then exit 1 fi fi fi }

Sn1per Architecture & Infrastructure

Understanding the internal architecture of Sn1per reveals how it efficiently coordinates multiple security tools into a cohesive scanning platform.

High-Level Architecture Overview

Input Processing

Target & Mode Selection

Orchestration Engine

Core Workflow Controller

Tool Execution

Security Tool Integration

Data Collection

Results Aggregation

Report Generation

Data Analysis & Visualisation

Module Stack Details

Core Infrastructure
  • Bash Script Engine: Primary execution environment
  • Configuration Manager: Handles tool-specific configurations
  • Resource Monitor: Prevents system resource depletion
  • Output Handler: Standardizes tool output formats
Scan Modules
  • Network Discovery: Identifies live hosts and network topology
  • Port Scanner: Identifies open ports and services
  • Service Enumeration: Identifies specific versions and configurations
  • Web Application Scanner: Discovers and tests web vulnerabilities
  • Brute Force Module: Tests for weak credentials
Advanced Features
  • API Integration: Interfaces with external vulnerability databases
  • Screenshot Engine: Captures visual evidence of discovered services
  • OSINT Module: Gathers intelligence from public sources
  • Report Engine: Compiles findings into structured reports
Filesystem Structure
/usr/share/sniper/ # Main installation directory ├── modes/ # Scanning mode configurations ├── bin/ # Core executable scripts ├── plugins/ # Tool-specific modules ├── templates/ # Report and output templates ├── config/ # Configuration files └── loot/ # Results storage directory ├── workspace/ # Current scan workspace ├── screenshots/ # Service screenshots ├── nmap/ # Nmap scan results └── vulnerabilities/ # Discovered vulnerabilities

Data Flow Architecture

Sn1per implements a pipeline architecture where data flows through several processing stages:

  1. Target Acquisition: Resolves domain names, validates targets, and determines scan scope
  2. Discovery Phase: Identifies accessible services and potential entry points
  3. Enumeration Phase: Gathers detailed information about discovered services
  4. Vulnerability Analysis: Correlates findings with known vulnerabilities
  5. Risk Assessment: Prioritizes findings based on severity and exploitability
  6. Report Compilation: Assembles findings into structured, actionable reports

At each stage, scan results are persisted to disk to prevent data loss in case of system failure. The modular design allows for easy extension with custom scanning modules and integration with additional security tools.

Comparative Analysis: Sn1per vs. Other Reconnaissance Tools

How does Sn1per compare to other popular reconnaissance and vulnerability scanning platforms?

Feature Sn1per Nessus OpenVAS Metasploit
Primary Focus Reconnaissance Vulnerability Scanning Vulnerability Scanning Exploitation
Automation Level High Medium Medium Low
Tool Integration 100+ tools Limited Moderate Extensive
Open Source Yes No Yes Yes
Web App Scanning Extensive Limited Moderate Limited
OSINT Capabilities Advanced Basic Limited Limited
Learning Curve Low Medium Medium High

Technical Differentiation

Sn1per's Technical Advantages
  • Multi-threaded Architecture: Executes multiple scanning operations concurrently
  • Unified Report Format: Consolidates results from various tools into a single report
  • Workspace Management: Maintains separate workspaces for different targets
  • Mode-based Scanning: Pre-configured scan types optimized for different scenarios
  • Low Footprint: Minimizes system resource requirements compared to enterprise solutions
Use Case Optimisation
  • Penetration Testing: Best for initial reconnaissance phase
  • Red Team Operations: Excels at stealth mode for avoiding detection
  • Web Application Testing: Comprehensive web enumeration capabilities
  • Continuous Monitoring: Automatable for regular security posture checks
  • Bug Bounty Hunting: Ideal for rapid target assessment and vulnerability discovery

Performance Benchmarks

Scan Completion Time (Lower is Better)
Sn1per
12m
Nessus
27m
OpenVAS
24m
Manual
18m

Benchmark based on standard reconnaissance of a mid-size corporate website with 50 subdomains

Expert Techniques & Methodology

Pre-Engagement Planning

  1. Scope Definition: Define target boundaries and acceptable scanning parameters
  2. Mode Selection: Choose appropriate scanning mode based on target sensitivity
  3. Resource Allocation: Ensure sufficient system resources for comprehensive scanning
  4. Legal Compliance: Verify authorisation to scan all target systems

Post-Scan Analysis

  1. Findings Verification: Manually verify critical findings to eliminate false positives
  2. Risk Contextualisation: Evaluate vulnerability impact within target environment
  3. Attack Chain Mapping: Identify potential attack paths through discovered vulnerabilities
  4. Remediation Prioritisation: Develop risk-based approach to addressing findings

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